This week I had the opportunity to observe a colleague at
SCC. In addition to teaching three sections of Intro Psych this semester, I am also the faculty mentor for two new adjunct professors (both of which were hired after I recommended them). So today I sat in on Grant's (names have been changed) class to give him feedback before the division chair comes for his first review. This is not the first time I've observed other teachers so I felt prepared enough to gather some notes and provide useful feedback. Not only that, Grant was lecturing on my specialty: Biological Psychology.
Watching Grant was like looking back in time to my first semester. Grant is a very good public speaker and seemed comfortable in front of the class. His growth area is student engagement. He made all the same mistakes I made my first semester. He taught psychology the same way that psychology had been taught to him; I talk- you write. I teach – you learn. A very teacher-centered approach.
Examples, diagrams, and clarifications were all lacking during his lecture. Students often have problems engaging in the biology of the brain, it is thick material that they often haven't been exposed to in any detail. Putting info on a slide and saying it is generally not engaging enough for students to “get it.” If Grant would repeat himself, draw diagrams on the whiteboard, make real-world connections with the material, or otherwise clarify the content present in the slides his students could greatly benefit. I made the same mistake my first semester when I was focused on “covering content” instead of on “facilitating learning.”
As class progressed I could see Grant losing his students; by the midpoint one-third of his class had sent at least one text-message. The two brief video clips that he showed, while illustrative, seemed only to cue students to check their phones. Few students wrote notes (although several had brought print-outs of the slide-show which was presumably provided to them before class) and fewer still asked questions. These symptoms were all too familiar to me, as I dealt with the same problems when I was just covering content.
The first change I made to my class was to strip out content from the slide-show. This way my students wouldn't transcribe the slides, and I told them that printing the slides isn't enough information to even pass a test. I try never to lecture for more than 20 minutes in a block without switching to a different activity (I often use the think – pair – share style activity). With each concept I try to draw a picture, and connect to a real-world application. I often use multi-media tools (videos and audio clips), but I spend a few minutes explaining what they will learn in the video, and I insist on some discussion after the clip (I also put questions about videos on tests and quizzes).
For example, Grant described the sympathetic nervous system thusly: “This system prepares your body for action. It's the fight-or-flight response. That speeds up your heart-rate and breathing and also dilates your pupils. You may have had the experience of lying in bed and you hear a noise and your heart-rate speeds up and you are suddenly awake. That is the sympathetic nervous system.” An accurate summary, but even this example fails to make the connection between WHAT it does and what FUNCTION it has. Students may have enough information (if they were listening) to answer a question on a test but unless they are psych majors it is unlikely to be valuable to them beyond that.
When I describe the same system I list all the physiological changes (heart-rate etc.) and then also explain why those changes help you in a fight-or-flight scenario (dilated pupils let you take in more light so you can see better). I explain that this is system's role is to help you survive a stressful situation. Then I link that to scary movies and how the good ones trigger the sympathetic nervous system. I ask my students if they've ever been to a haunted house, I pick one to tell about their experience, and as a class we talk about sympathetic activation in the story. Ultimately I've described fight-or-flight three times using lecture, example, and student connection. No one leaves class without a better understanding of their body and how it functions under stress; useful information for every student regardless of major.
The other interesting thing I did this week was to take a class to see
Jane Elliot speak at our college. If you didn't know she is the teacher that gave third graders the
Brown-eye/Blue-eye experience in the 60's and 70's. Her presentation was tremendous! She was full of energy and quite feisty. She talked about how if she had recognized the repercussions of her classroom exercise that she may not have done it. She engaged the audience in several critical thinking exercises examining some of the more subtle forms of prejudice, and she even had students share their thoughts on the unfair distribution of power. There were some problems though. A student rudely interrupted her at some point and she reacted harshly. To be sure the student deserved reprimand for his behavior, but her anger seemed a bit out of control and made the audience uncomfortable. She also singled-out a student that self-disclosed her support of Sarah Palin. While I certainly understand the need to
educate Palin supporters, I don't think that it is okay to ostracize a student for their political views. Speaking of which her talk did get a bit preachy about issues towards the end, but none-the-less was a valuable experience for myself and my students. If you ever get the chance to see her talk I would highly recommend it.
In a related issue I've described
elsewhere an exercise I do with my class about operational definitions in which students define what might make a city 'unhappy.' This week a student offended several members of the class and I intervened. I'll end with a transcript of our conversation.
Student: Appearance of the city?
Me: Oh you mean like if there are lots of run-down vacant buildings the city won't look as good?
Student: No I mean the people.
Me: So it makes them unhappy to see the ugly buildings?
Student: No! Like if there are a lot of fat people!
Me: …
Student: No fatties please.
Class: [Hackles raising among some] what's your problem... who are you... ha ha ha... fat people are sad... etc.
Me: Firstly we [fatties] are jolly. Secondly it is not ok to judge people based on physical characteristics. Even if YOUR aesthetic sensibilities are offended that doesn't give you permission to generalize your opinion to everyone. This is an issue very near and dear to my cholesterol clogged heart. A person's outward appearance is not indicative of their inner character. No matter if a person is fat, fit, tan, or smoking a cigarette it tells you nothing about their intelligence, willpower, or personality. The connection you are describing is prejudice just like racism.
Student: Sorry.
Me: It's all right, now you know. So can we agree not to voice comments like that?
Student: Yeah.
Me: Everyone?
Class: [mutters approval]